How is water stored in soil?

Water is stored in soil primarily through the process of binding to clay particles or organic matter like humus. Clay particles have a very large surface area and carry a negative charge, which allows them to attract and hold onto water molecules, creating a bond that is resistant to evaporation and percolation. Humus, which is the organic component of soil formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter, also plays a significant role in water retention due to its ability to hold moisture.

This capacity for water retention is crucial for plant growth and soil health, as it provides a steady supply of moisture that roots can access. Thus, the interaction between water and these soil components is fundamental to maintaining the soil's moisture content, enhancing its ability to support life.